Fluid fuel burner



l.. c. cHADlMA Er Al.- 2,191,272

FLUID FUEL BURNER Feb. 20, 1940.

Filed June 27, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l LESTER C. CHAD/M4 Feb. 20, 1940. .v c. CHADIMA E1- Ax.

FLUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 27, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .EQTER c, cHAn/MA ROBERT c. /UE/v ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 20, 1940 y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,191,272 FLUID FUEL BURNER Lester C. Chadima, Robert C. Ilten, and Ervin L.

Johnson, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignors to Hubbard Ice and Fuel Company, Cedar Rapids', Iowa, a corporation 'of Iowa Application June 27, 1938, Serial No. `'216,166

3 ClmS. (Gl. 23o- 114) i operation of the burner and frequently years after the burner` has been installed.

Oil burners, especially that typeA adapted l for y l.; domestic use, must be installed in a great variety of types and sizes of heating. plants. It hasvbeen the 'practice in the' past to make it possibleto adapt a given burner to a wide variety of applications by providing -either anexceptionally long 20. draft tube or a detachable draft tube available in a number of lengths.v Either of these methods has its drawbacks.

actually requiring a short tube', extendswell out in front of the burner or boiler, thus taking'up considerable space.

Oil burners using detachable draft tubes make it necessary that a stock of lvarious sized tubesk be kept on hand by the oil burner dealer.- Other- 30; wise a special size must be ordered from the factory each time an installation is made.

It is', therefore,y one of the objects of our invention to provide an oil burner having an extensible draft i. tube whereby any given burner may be accommodated to the construction of or the conditions found in any installation.

Such an extensible draft tube makes-.it preferable that ignition leads be furnished which are long enough for use with the draft vtubein its w maximum extended position, and it is, therefore, another object of our invention to provide a base in which` the excess ignition cable may be coiled up. The ignition cable must otherwise be. cut to fit eachl individual job, or must be stored in 45 the draft tube where it, of course, interfereswith and obstructs the passage of air.

It is still another object of our invention to provide a base in which the ignitiontransformer may be concealed and protected from mechanical 50 injury and'to provide means for coolingof the `transformer by air-being drawn into the blower. v

It is a further object of our invention to provide a means in such a base for filtering the air entering the blower to prevent thelarg'er portion of lint and dust in theair from accumulating 'in off serves several purposes.

The oil burner having a long; draft tube, when used inmaking an installation the vanes of the blower wheel, blast tube and around and on theelectrodes.l

It visv a still further object ofuour invention to provide such a filtering means of a capacity large enough that a seasons accumulation of lint and dust will not materially decrease the volume of air, necessary forproper combustion yor such volume of air as is determined by the setting of .the air intake valve. r

It is a further object o f our` invention to provide a safeguard in the form of an auxiliarynozzle shut-off valve. This auxiliary nozzleshut- It ordinarily vwill preventthe dribbling of oil into the re box or combustion chamber afterthe burner has shut 1.5, down due to the expansion from the heat of any air trapped in the oil line. It also helps to prevent pulsations and explosions,.after the burner is shut down.

Furthermore, our auxiliary nozzle shut-off is 20 an added safeguard in the eventthat the pressure regulating kvalve shut-off failsy toy close tightly when a burner shuts down. In such a case our valve prevents oil from passing through Vthe regu-v lar valve and into the furnace by reason of the 26 pressure of the oil in theoil supply line.

By preventing dribbling of oil into the fire pot after. the burner has `been shut down and by providing a quick, sharp cut-off, our valve will act to prevent the accumulation of carbon on the 80 nozzle and on the tips ofthe electrodes, thereby helping to vpreventlate ignition and resulting exduring an .off period will absorb and carry olf a 45' large amount of the heat remaining in the heating plant.

After a'heating plant, including the chimney, has been thoroughly warmed up, a' large quantity of air will pass through the plant and out the 50 chimney due to natural draft, and as long as there is any heat present in the furnace. 'Ihe temperature of all of this air is raised as it passes through the furnace and over the 'heated surfaces, and the residual. `heat of the plant is lost, 56

It is, therefore, an object of our invention to prevent the circulation of air through the burner and the heating plant during the off periods of the burner.

It is a furtherl object of our invention to supply an air intake valve which will not only serve to close the air intake during the "oif period, but which may be adjusted to regulate the maximum amount of air permitted to pass through the burner.

Other and further features and objects of the invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art upon a consideration of thev accompanying drawings and follwing specifications, wherein is disclosed a single exemplary embodiment of the invention, with the under standing, however, that such changes may be made therein as fall within the scope' of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of an oil burner constructed ac cording to one embodiment of our invention.

Figure 2 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section illustrating a nozzle shut-off valve constructed according to our invention.

Figure 3 is an elevational View, lpartlydin section, illustrating the burner shown in Figure 1 as viewed from the draft tube end.

Figure 4 is a view in elevation of the oil burner shown in Figures l and 3 as viewed from the rear.

Figure 5 is al detailed View in perspective,`r

partly in section, illustrating an air shutter valve and adjustment means constructed according to our invention, and

Figure 6 is a view lin elevation illustrating the shutter valve Yand vadjustment means shown in Figure 5.

Referring now to the drawings:

We have shown in Figures 1, 3 and l the application of our invention to an oil-burner. The burner is otherwise of standard construction and includes a blower housing I having an inlet opening I2, an outlet opening I3, a blower wheel 28, a motor I6 mounted on the side `of the blower housing, and al flange mounted pump unit 4D. The pump is aligned with the motor shaft I6a and is drivenby Athe motor' along with the blower Wheel. A

The blower housing I0 is supplied with a flattened portion, as indicated at I8. This flattened surface of the blower housing is attached by means, such as screws I9, to apedestal or base member, indicated generally at 20. This base may comprise asingle casting including a top and legs with inserted perforated side panels, or the base may be built up of sheet metal with the top of sheet metal preferably rolled at the edges, as indicated at 2Ia, and angle iron legs 22 electrically welded or otherwise attached to the top member 2l'. The side and end walls 23 are preferably made of an ornamental periorated sheet metal such as that illustrated, and, may be held in place against the inner surfaces of the legs by means such as spot welding or riveting. A bottom plate 24 may be supplied if desired, but this is not necessary.

A shutter housing, indicated generally at 25, is attached to the side of the blower housing over the air intake opening by means such as bolts (not shown). This shutter housing 25 is open at the bottom. The side walls project downwardly as shown in Figures 3 andrei, and about the top surface of the pedestal cover. 'The open l cated generally at 3U, regulates the volume of air drawn through this air shutter housing.

The shutter housing may, of course, be cast integral with the blower housing. If this is done, it is preferable that a removable cover 25a be supplied to permit easy access to the fan to permit cleaning. y

The pump unit 45 is preferably of the combinationy type comprising a strainer unit, a pumpk. ing unit, a pressure regulating and cut-off valve,

and of course inlet and return openings, none of which are indicated in any particular manner. The nozzle outlet opening t3 is connected by means of pipe fitting and tubing indicated at 44 toa nozzle pipe 4E. v

We have provided a removable inspection plate 41 at the lower portion and back side of the'blower housing through the center of which the oil tube 4S enters the draft tube.

The oil pipe liis supplied at its inner end with a nozzle 53 and an auxiliary shut-off valve indi- ,cated generally at-55. Thisy shut-off valve will be described in more detail hereafter. l

An ignition assembly is supported by the oil pipe in accordance with standard practice and includes ignition points 56, insulating supporting sleeves 51, and a supporting member 58.

Ignition cables 59 and 6I are connected to the electrodesby means of spring clips and are insertedv through insulated bushings 62 in the flattened portion of the blower housing into the base portion where they connect with the terminals of a transformer 64. The transformer may be supported within the base by screws and nuts 64a.

The outlet opening I3 of the blower housing is provided with a smooth bore to permit a tube member 55 to be moved in or out as desired. The tube 66 may be held in any desired position bymeans such as screws, as indicated at 61.

We have provided, in the end of this extensible draft tube, a combustion head 65 curved inwardly, as indicated at 58a, to direct the blast of air inwardly and across the path of the oil spray emerging from the nozzle. We have also provided an auxiliary ring 63 in a form similar to the combustion head 68. This ring, however,

is of a size to permit it to slide inside the tube 56.`

This combustion ring is held in the tube by means of screws or rivets (not shown) and in a position spaced about one inch inside the outer combustion head.

The inner ring is preferably utilized only when nozzles of small capacity are used in the burner, as in a small heating plant. The dual combustion rings serve to create a turbulence of the air and the oil spray, that causes them to mix thoroughly. n

The air shutter housing and shutter means is shown in detail in Figures and 6. The shutter plate 3l is of a shape to fit in a horizontal position within the shutter housing at a point as shown in Figure 3. This plate is pivo-tally mounted off-center on a shaft 32, which is mounted in a hole 33 in the wall of the shutter housing. A similar shaft is provided on the opposite end rof the shutter plate. It is preferable that this shaft be `fastened to the shutter plate by means such as screws to permitremovalv if necessary. vTh'efshaft 32extends beyond the outer surface of the shutter housing and` is bent over a right angles and substantially parallel with. the shuti ter plate, as shown at 32a.

An adjustable shutter kstop in the iormA `of "a l strap member 36 is provided lwith an inwardly eX- -tending portion 38a against which the lever arm' 32a comes to rest as theshutter is drawn. open bythe suction ofthe blower each time the burner is started.l V'I'his adjustable stopr 36 is pivoted,

y as lat 31, by a means such asa screw.

This adjustable stop -may be pivoted directly on the outer surface of the shutter housing, but is preferably supported by a separate member 34,

A slotted hole is supplied in this member, through which the inwardly extending portion A3G11, of the ladjustable stop may extend. It is apparentthat" this stop member' may be rotated about its piv- -otal point, and held in any position by tightening down on the screw 31, thereby permitting the maximum amount` of opening be regulated as desired;` v

The shutter 3l is locatedori its pivotal shaft 32 in annif-center position as before stated, so that the weight of the shutter normally causes it to close when the blower'is inoperative. L The :as to open only under the suction of the blower',v

shutter plate closes against airib-.BB extenitling' inwardly from the side of the shutter housing and forms a comparatively tightr jointy Referring now to Figure 2 illustrating our nozzleshut-oi valve, the valve there showncomprises amain body portion 1I threaded at both ends to permit connection with the oil pipe at one end and the nozzle at the otherv end. The

inch on the ball. and the pressure reaches 2 0 pounds per square inchor over, the v,ball will be lifted, against the body portion is provided with a bore Illa extend` ing from end to end. The wall o1" the `bore is threaded at one end to receive a threaded tubular member'lll and is formedvwith a restricted portion at the other end to forma seat for a ball of the shutter to oil to passfthe ball and enter the nozzle. .i It is apparent that we have provided animprovedpil burner which is simple in 'construction 1' and positive ofraction, and `provides for easi er installation and serviceand improved operationof the oil burner.4 f

Although we have described a specicembodimentof our, invention, it is apparenty that modications thereof may be made by those skilled in the art. Suchv modications may be made rwithout departing fromthe-spirit and scope of our invention as set forth in the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:

1 in a blower having'y anv intake housing, as

shutter' platewithin the housing, a means of v pivoting the airv shutter, vsaid v shutter balanced to open due to the suction of the blower and to closefdue 'to its own weight 'when the blower is de-energized, the pivotal-means comprising a shaft extending throughran opening.r in the side of the housing and bent over in the form of a lever arm, and a means lof adjustably limiting fal the opening ofthe shutter plate comprising a l sealing and regulating means within the housing comprising a shutter. plate pivotally balanced so a shaft 'on which the shutter is pivoted projecting through the side of the housingandbent at right angles to form anv operating lever arm, 'and 'a means for limiting the motion of this arm comprising a strap member pivoted at one end to the als` housing, the otherendof--samebearing' against the vlever arm.

3.y In a blower having an air lintake housing, a vsealing means in the housing including a shut ter pivotally mounted therein, a 4shacftvon which vthe shutter is mounted projecting outwardly beyond 'the' shutter housing, an angular extension on the shaft, and an'fadjustable stop,fo'ne end being pivotally mounted `on the shutter housing and the other end bearing against the angularly extended shaft, said shutter :mounted in an offcenter position so as to close the air intake when the blower is inoperative and open due to suction of the blower. 

